1 Makley LN, McMenimen KA, DeVree BT, et al. Pharmacological chaperone for alpha-crystallin partially restores transparency in cataract models. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2015;350(6261):674–7. doi:10.1126/science.aac9145
2 Monestam E. Long-term outcomes of cataract surgery: 15-year results of a prospective study. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2016;42(1):19–26. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2015.07.040.
3 Kumar M, Agarwal T, Kaur P, Kumar M, Khokhar S, Dada R. Molecular and structural analysis of genetic variations in congenital cataract. Molecular Vision. 2013;19:2436–50.
4 Reddy MA, Francis PJ, Berry V, Bhattacharya SS, Moore AT. Molecular genetic basis of inherited cataract and associated phenotypes. Survey of Ophthalmology. 2004;49(3):300–15. doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2004.02.013.
5 Gruener A. The effect of cataracts and cataract surgery on Claude Monet. The British Journal of General Practice : the Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners. 2015;65(634):254–5. doi:10.3399/bjgp15X684949.
6 Zhao LQ, Li LM, Zhu H. The Epidemiological Evidence-Based Eye Disease Study Research Group EY. The effect of multivitamin/mineral supplements on age-related cataracts: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2014;6(3):931–49.
doi:10.3390/nu6030931.
7 Christen WG, Liu S, Glynn RJ, Gaziano JM, Buring JE. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of cataract in women: a prospective study. Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill.: 1960). 2008;126(1):102–9. doi:10.1001/archopht.126.1.102.
8 Appleby PN, Allen NE, Key TJ. Diet, vegetarianism, and cataract risk. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011;93(5):1128–35. doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.004028.
9 Rautiainen S, Lindblad BE, Morgenstern R, Wolk A. Total antioxidant capacity of the diet and risk of age-related cataract: a population-based prospective cohort of women. JAMA Ophthalmology. 2014;132(3):247–52.
doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.6241.
10 Chiu CJ, Robman L, McCarty CA, et al. Dietary carbohydrate in relation to cortical and nuclear lens opacities in the melbourne visual impairment project. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 2010;51(6):2897–905. doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2824.
11 Christen WG, Manson JE, Glynn RJ, et al. A randomized trial of beta carotene and age-related cataract in US physicians. Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill.: 1960). 2003;121(3):372–8.
12 Chew EY, SanGiovanni JP, Ferris FL, et al. Lutein/zeaxanthin for the treatment of age-related cataract: AREDS2 Randomized Trial Report No. 4. JAMA Ophthalmology. 2013;131(7):843–50.
doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4412.
13 A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E and beta carotene for age-related cataract and vision loss: AREDS Report No. 9. Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill.: 1960). 2001;119(10):1439–52.
14 Moreau KL, King JA. Protein misfolding and aggregation in cataract disease and prospects for prevention. Trends in molecular medicine. 2012;18(5):273–82. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2012.03.005.
15 Subczynski WK, Mainali L, Raguz M, O’Brien WJ. Organization of lipids in fiber-cell plasma membranes of the eye lens. Experimental eye research. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2016.03.004.
16 Yappert MC, Rujoi M, Borchman D, Vorobyov I, Estrada R. Glycero- versus sphingo-phospholipids: correlations with human and non-human mammalian lens growth. Experimental Eye Research. 2003;76(6):725–34.
17 Borchman D, Byrdwell WC, Yappert MC. Regional and age-dependent differences in the phospholipid composition of human lens membranes. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 1994;35(11):3938–42.
18 Cenedella RJ. Cholesterol and cataracts. Survey of Ophthalmology. 1996;40(4):320-37.
19 De Vries AC, Vermeer MA, Bredman JJ, Bar PR, Cohen LH. Cholesterol content of the rat lens is lowered by administration of simvastatin, but not by pravastatin. Experimental Eye Research. 1993;56(4):393–9. doi:10.1006/exer.1993.1053.
20 Leuschen J, Mortensen EM, Frei CR, Mansi EA, Panday V, Mansi I. Association of statin use with cataracts: a propensity score-matched analysis. JAMA Ophthalmology. 2013;131(11):1427–34. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4575.
21 Lai CL, Shau WY, Chang CH, Chen MF, Lai MS. Statin use and cataract surgery: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in elderly ethnic Chinese patients. Drug Safety. 2013;36(10):1017–24. doi:10.1007/s40264-013-0076-0.
22 Dobrzynski JM, Kostis JB. Statins and Cataracts--a visual insight. Current Atherosclerosis Reports. 2015;17(2):477.
doi:10.1007/s11883-014-0477-2
23 Bang CN, Greve AM, La Cour M, et al. Effect of Randomized Lipid Lowering With Simvastatin and Ezetimibe on Cataract Development (from the Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis Study). The American Journal of Cardiology. 2015;116(12):1840–4. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.09.026.
24 Hermans MP, Ahn SA, Rousseau MF. Statin therapy and cataract in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes & Metabolism. 2011;37(2):139–43. doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2010.09.005.
25. Chodick G, Heymann AD, Flash S, Kokia E, Shalev V. Persistence with statins and incident cataract: a population-based historical cohort study. Annals of Epidemiology. 2010;20(2):136–42. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.10.007.
26 Zhao L, Chen XJ, Zhu J, et al. Lanosterol reverses protein aggregation in cataracts. Nature. 2015;523(7562):607–11.
doi:10.1038/nature14650.
27 Sugar A. Ultrafast (femtosecond) laser refractive surgery. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2002;13(4):246–9.
28 He L, Sheehy K, Culbertson W. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2011;22(1):43–52. doi:10.1097/ICU.0b013e3283414f76.
29 Sutton G, Bali SJ, Hodge C. Femtosecond cataract surgery: transitioning to laser cataract. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2013;24(1):3–8. doi:10.1097/ICU.0b013e32835a936b.
30 Grewal DS, Schultz T, Basti S, Dick HB. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery – current status and future directions. Survey of Ophthalmology. 2016;61(2):103–31.
doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2015.09.002.
31 Nagy ZZ. New technology update: femtosecond laser in cataract surgery. Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.). 2014;8:1157–67. doi:10.2147/opth.s36040.
32 Saraiva J, Neatrour K, Waring Iv GO. Emerging Technology in Refractive Cataract Surgery. Journal of Ophthalmology. 2016;2016:7309283. doi:10.1155/2016/7309283.
33 Ho JW, Afshari NA. Advances in cataract surgery: preserving the corneal endothelium. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2015;26(1):22–7. doi:10.1097/icu.0000000000000121.
34 Donaldson KE, Braga-Mele R, Cabot F, et al. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2013;39(11):1753–63. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.09.002.
35 Day AC, Gore DM, Bunce C, Evans JR. Laser-assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016;7:Cd010735. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010735.pub2.
36 Toto L, Mastropasqua R, Mattei PA, et al. Postoperative IOL Axial Movements and Refractive Changes After Femtosecond Laser-assisted Cataract Surgery Versus Conventional Phacoemulsification. Journal of Refractive Surgery (Thorofare, N.J.: 1995). 2015;31(8):524–30. doi:10.3928/1081597x-20150727-02.
37 Apple DJ, Sims J. Harold Ridley and the invention of the intraocular lens. Survey of Ophthalmology. 1996;40(4):279–92.
38 Kook D, Kampik A, Dexl AK, et al. Advances in lens implant technology. F1000 Medicine Reports. 2013;5:3. doi:10.3410/m5-3.
39 Huang Q, Cheng GP, Chiu K, Wang GQ. Surface Modification of Intraocular Lenses. Chinese Medical Journal. 2016;129(2):206–14. doi:10.4103/0366-6999.173496.
40 Rosen E, Alio JL, Dick HB, Dell S, Slade S. Efficacy and safety of multifocal intraocular lenses following cataract and refractive lens exchange: Metaanalysis of peer-reviewed publications. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2016;42(2):310–28. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2016.01.014.
41 Thibos LN, Ye M, Zhang X, Bradley A. The chromatic eye: a new reduced-eye model of ocular chromatic aberration in humans. Applied Optics. 1992;31(19):3594–600. doi:10.1364/ao.31.003594.
42 Cochener B. Discussion of Clinical Outcomes with an Extended Range of Vision IOL. Cataract and Refractive Surgery Today Europe. 2016;11:35–7.
43 Kohl JC, Werner L, Ford JR, et al. Long-term uveal and capsular biocompatibility of a new accommodating intraocular lens. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2014;40(12):2113–9. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2014.10.011.
44 Alio JL, Simonov A, Plaza-Puche AB, et al. Visual Outcomes and Accommodative Response of the Lumina Accommodative Intraocular Lens. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2016;164:37–48. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2016.01.006.
45 Ong HS, Evans JR, Allan BD. Accommodative intraocular lens versus standard monofocal intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014;(5):Cd009667. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009667.pub2.
46 Ben-Nun J. The NuLens accommodating intraocular lens. Ophthalmology Clinics of North America. 2006;19(1):129–34, vii. doi:10.1016/j.ohc.2005.09.007.
47 Schuster AK, Schanzlin DJ, Thomas KE, Heichel CW, Purcell TL, Barker PD. Intraocular lens calculation adjustment after laser refractive surgery using Scheimpflug imaging. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2016;42(2):226–31.
doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2015.09.024.
48 Shammas HJ, Ortiz S, Shammas MC, Kim SH, Chong C. Biometry measurements using a new large-coherence-length swept-source optical coherence tomographer. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2016;42(1):50–61. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2015.07.042.
1 Makley LN, McMenimen KA, DeVree BT, et al. Pharmacological chaperone for alpha-crystallin partially restores transparency in cataract models. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2015;350(6261):674–7. doi:10.1126/science.aac9145
2 Monestam E. Long-term outcomes of cataract surgery: 15-year results of a prospective study. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2016;42(1):19–26. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2015.07.040.
3 Kumar M, Agarwal T, Kaur P, Kumar M, Khokhar S, Dada R. Molecular and structural analysis of genetic variations in congenital cataract. Molecular Vision. 2013;19:2436–50.
4 Reddy MA, Francis PJ, Berry V, Bhattacharya SS, Moore AT. Molecular genetic basis of inherited cataract and associated phenotypes. Survey of Ophthalmology. 2004;49(3):300–15. doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2004.02.013.
5 Gruener A. The effect of cataracts and cataract surgery on Claude Monet. The British Journal of General Practice : the Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners. 2015;65(634):254–5. doi:10.3399/bjgp15X684949.
6 Zhao LQ, Li LM, Zhu H. The Epidemiological Evidence-Based Eye Disease Study Research Group EY. The effect of multivitamin/mineral supplements on age-related cataracts: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2014;6(3):931–49.
doi:10.3390/nu6030931.
7 Christen WG, Liu S, Glynn RJ, Gaziano JM, Buring JE. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of cataract in women: a prospective study. Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill.: 1960). 2008;126(1):102–9. doi:10.1001/archopht.126.1.102.
8 Appleby PN, Allen NE, Key TJ. Diet, vegetarianism, and cataract risk. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011;93(5):1128–35. doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.004028.
9 Rautiainen S, Lindblad BE, Morgenstern R, Wolk A. Total antioxidant capacity of the diet and risk of age-related cataract: a population-based prospective cohort of women. JAMA Ophthalmology. 2014;132(3):247–52.
doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.6241.
10 Chiu CJ, Robman L, McCarty CA, et al. Dietary carbohydrate in relation to cortical and nuclear lens opacities in the melbourne visual impairment project. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 2010;51(6):2897–905. doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2824.
11 Christen WG, Manson JE, Glynn RJ, et al. A randomized trial of beta carotene and age-related cataract in US physicians. Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill.: 1960). 2003;121(3):372–8.
12 Chew EY, SanGiovanni JP, Ferris FL, et al. Lutein/zeaxanthin for the treatment of age-related cataract: AREDS2 Randomized Trial Report No. 4. JAMA Ophthalmology. 2013;131(7):843–50.
doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4412.
13 A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E and beta carotene for age-related cataract and vision loss: AREDS Report No. 9. Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill.: 1960). 2001;119(10):1439–52.
14 Moreau KL, King JA. Protein misfolding and aggregation in cataract disease and prospects for prevention. Trends in molecular medicine. 2012;18(5):273–82. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2012.03.005.
15 Subczynski WK, Mainali L, Raguz M, O’Brien WJ. Organization of lipids in fiber-cell plasma membranes of the eye lens. Experimental eye research. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2016.03.004.
16 Yappert MC, Rujoi M, Borchman D, Vorobyov I, Estrada R. Glycero- versus sphingo-phospholipids: correlations with human and non-human mammalian lens growth. Experimental Eye Research. 2003;76(6):725–34.
17 Borchman D, Byrdwell WC, Yappert MC. Regional and age-dependent differences in the phospholipid composition of human lens membranes. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 1994;35(11):3938–42.
18 Cenedella RJ. Cholesterol and cataracts. Survey of Ophthalmology. 1996;40(4):320-37.
19 De Vries AC, Vermeer MA, Bredman JJ, Bar PR, Cohen LH. Cholesterol content of the rat lens is lowered by administration of simvastatin, but not by pravastatin. Experimental Eye Research. 1993;56(4):393–9. doi:10.1006/exer.1993.1053.
20 Leuschen J, Mortensen EM, Frei CR, Mansi EA, Panday V, Mansi I. Association of statin use with cataracts: a propensity score-matched analysis. JAMA Ophthalmology. 2013;131(11):1427–34. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4575.
21 Lai CL, Shau WY, Chang CH, Chen MF, Lai MS. Statin use and cataract surgery: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in elderly ethnic Chinese patients. Drug Safety. 2013;36(10):1017–24. doi:10.1007/s40264-013-0076-0.
22 Dobrzynski JM, Kostis JB. Statins and Cataracts--a visual insight. Current Atherosclerosis Reports. 2015;17(2):477.
doi:10.1007/s11883-014-0477-2
23 Bang CN, Greve AM, La Cour M, et al. Effect of Randomized Lipid Lowering With Simvastatin and Ezetimibe on Cataract Development (from the Simvastatin and Ezetimibe in Aortic Stenosis Study). The American Journal of Cardiology. 2015;116(12):1840–4. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.09.026.
24 Hermans MP, Ahn SA, Rousseau MF. Statin therapy and cataract in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes & Metabolism. 2011;37(2):139–43. doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2010.09.005.
25. Chodick G, Heymann AD, Flash S, Kokia E, Shalev V. Persistence with statins and incident cataract: a population-based historical cohort study. Annals of Epidemiology. 2010;20(2):136–42. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.10.007.
26 Zhao L, Chen XJ, Zhu J, et al. Lanosterol reverses protein aggregation in cataracts. Nature. 2015;523(7562):607–11.
doi:10.1038/nature14650.
27 Sugar A. Ultrafast (femtosecond) laser refractive surgery. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2002;13(4):246–9.
28 He L, Sheehy K, Culbertson W. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2011;22(1):43–52. doi:10.1097/ICU.0b013e3283414f76.
29 Sutton G, Bali SJ, Hodge C. Femtosecond cataract surgery: transitioning to laser cataract. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2013;24(1):3–8. doi:10.1097/ICU.0b013e32835a936b.
30 Grewal DS, Schultz T, Basti S, Dick HB. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery – current status and future directions. Survey of Ophthalmology. 2016;61(2):103–31.
doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2015.09.002.
31 Nagy ZZ. New technology update: femtosecond laser in cataract surgery. Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.). 2014;8:1157–67. doi:10.2147/opth.s36040.
32 Saraiva J, Neatrour K, Waring Iv GO. Emerging Technology in Refractive Cataract Surgery. Journal of Ophthalmology. 2016;2016:7309283. doi:10.1155/2016/7309283.
33 Ho JW, Afshari NA. Advances in cataract surgery: preserving the corneal endothelium. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 2015;26(1):22–7. doi:10.1097/icu.0000000000000121.
34 Donaldson KE, Braga-Mele R, Cabot F, et al. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2013;39(11):1753–63. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.09.002.
35 Day AC, Gore DM, Bunce C, Evans JR. Laser-assisted cataract surgery versus standard ultrasound phacoemulsification cataract surgery. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016;7:Cd010735. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010735.pub2.
36 Toto L, Mastropasqua R, Mattei PA, et al. Postoperative IOL Axial Movements and Refractive Changes After Femtosecond Laser-assisted Cataract Surgery Versus Conventional Phacoemulsification. Journal of Refractive Surgery (Thorofare, N.J.: 1995). 2015;31(8):524–30. doi:10.3928/1081597x-20150727-02.
37 Apple DJ, Sims J. Harold Ridley and the invention of the intraocular lens. Survey of Ophthalmology. 1996;40(4):279–92.
38 Kook D, Kampik A, Dexl AK, et al. Advances in lens implant technology. F1000 Medicine Reports. 2013;5:3. doi:10.3410/m5-3.
39 Huang Q, Cheng GP, Chiu K, Wang GQ. Surface Modification of Intraocular Lenses. Chinese Medical Journal. 2016;129(2):206–14. doi:10.4103/0366-6999.173496.
40 Rosen E, Alio JL, Dick HB, Dell S, Slade S. Efficacy and safety of multifocal intraocular lenses following cataract and refractive lens exchange: Metaanalysis of peer-reviewed publications. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2016;42(2):310–28. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2016.01.014.
41 Thibos LN, Ye M, Zhang X, Bradley A. The chromatic eye: a new reduced-eye model of ocular chromatic aberration in humans. Applied Optics. 1992;31(19):3594–600. doi:10.1364/ao.31.003594.
42 Cochener B. Discussion of Clinical Outcomes with an Extended Range of Vision IOL. Cataract and Refractive Surgery Today Europe. 2016;11:35–7.
43 Kohl JC, Werner L, Ford JR, et al. Long-term uveal and capsular biocompatibility of a new accommodating intraocular lens. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2014;40(12):2113–9. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2014.10.011.
44 Alio JL, Simonov A, Plaza-Puche AB, et al. Visual Outcomes and Accommodative Response of the Lumina Accommodative Intraocular Lens. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2016;164:37–48. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2016.01.006.
45 Ong HS, Evans JR, Allan BD. Accommodative intraocular lens versus standard monofocal intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014;(5):Cd009667. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009667.pub2.
46 Ben-Nun J. The NuLens accommodating intraocular lens. Ophthalmology Clinics of North America. 2006;19(1):129–34, vii. doi:10.1016/j.ohc.2005.09.007.
47 Schuster AK, Schanzlin DJ, Thomas KE, Heichel CW, Purcell TL, Barker PD. Intraocular lens calculation adjustment after laser refractive surgery using Scheimpflug imaging. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2016;42(2):226–31.
doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2015.09.024.
48 Shammas HJ, Ortiz S, Shammas MC, Kim SH, Chong C. Biometry measurements using a new large-coherence-length swept-source optical coherence tomographer. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 2016;42(1):50–61. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2015.07.042.