1 Coggon D, Ntani G, Walker-Bone K, et al. Epidemiological differences between localised and non-localised low back pain. Spine. 2017;42(10):740–7.
2 Finnerup NB, Haroutounian S, Kamerman P, et al.: Neuropathic pain: an updated grading system for research and clinical practice. Pain. 2016; 157(8):1599–606.
3 Table ronde de la société française de neurochirurgie. [Nondiscal surgical sciaticas]. Neurochirurgie. 1978;24(5):283–336.
4 Laporte C, Albert JD, Duvauferrier R, Bertaud V, Gouillou M, Guillin R. MRI investigation of radiating pain in the lower limbs: value of an additional sequence dedicated to the lumbosacral plexus and pelvic girdle. Am J Roentgenol. 2014;203(6):1280–5.
5 Yoshimoto M, Kawaguchi S, Takebayashi T, et al. Diagnostic features of sciatica without lumbar nerve root compression. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2009;22:328–33.
6 Ailianou A, Fitsiori A, Syrogiannopoulou A, et al. Review of the principal extra spinal pathologies causing sciatica and new MRI approaches. Br J Radiol. 2012;85(1014):672–81.
7 Flug JA, Burge A, Melisaratos D, Miller TT, Carrino JA: Post-operative extra-spinal etiologies of sciatic nerve impingement. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(7):913–21.
8 Zheng C, Zhu Y, Jiang J, Ma X, Lu F, Jin X, et al.: The prevalence of tarsal tunnel syndrome in patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy. Eur Spine J. 2016;25:895–905.
9 Hopayian K, Song F, Riera R. The clinical features of the piriformis syndrome: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2010;19:2095–109.
10 Probst D, Stout Alison, Hunt D. Piriformis syndrome: a narrative review of the anatomy, diagnosis, and treatment. PM R. 2019;11 Suppl 1:S54–63.
11 Durham JD, Machan L. Pelvic congestion syndrome. Semin Intervent Radiol. 2013;30:372–80.
12 Sanal HT. Sciatic nerve: beyond the sacral foramen. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2016;22:574–9.
13 Wells MD, Meyer AP, Emley M, Kong X, Sanchez R, Gozani SN. Detection of lumbosacral nerve root compression with a novel composite nerve conduction measurement. Spine. 2002;27(24):2811–9.
14 Aiello I, Patraskakis S, Sau GF, et al. Diagnostic value of extensor digitorum brevis F-wave in L5 root compression. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1990;30(2):73–6.
15 Ergun T, Lakadamyali H. CT and MRI in the evaluation of extraspinal sciatica. Br J Radiol. 2010;83(993):791–803.